Understanding the Mechanism of Borewell

As a continuous method of permeation and percolation, water has seeped into the highest depth it can go.

Here, it stopped under high pressure due to the impermeable rocks and exerts nominal pressure on the natural walls of the aquifer.

When a borehole is dug into the aquifer, the water finds a path for itself to release the energy from the initial pressure. So, it rises on the path of the borehole.

The water level in the borehole fluctuates extremely for a couple of days and is stable over a period of time. The stable water level is called the static water level of the borewell.

The dug borehole is provided with a casing to prevent the collapse of surrounding soil particles and clogging the borewell. This casing pipe is made of cast iron or steel to withstand the lateral forces of soils.

The casing pipe installed is given to the hard strata of the soil. It is half the diameter of the borehole and should not be greater than 24 inches.

A submersible pump is installed at the level just below the layer of hard strata where the first crack was made to dig the aquifer.

The pump has a delivery pipe associated with it, which transfers the water pumped to the surface of the ground.

The pump is well connected with wires and electrical fixtures for its working.

Water is drawn from the aquifer by switching on the submersible pump.

The aquifer gets water from underwater flow from neighbouring water bodies, which is called the underground flow.

The aquifer also gets water recharged from the surface flow but its tedious and time taking as the soil permeability for water is low.